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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">neurojour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Неврологический журнал имени Л.О. Бадаляна</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>L.O. Badalyan Neurological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2686-8997</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-794X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46563/2686-8997-2022-3-1-42-48</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">neurojour-60</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ СЛУЧАИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL CASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Болезнь Крейтцфельдта–Якоба: описание трех клинических случаев</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease: literature review and description of three clinical cases</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-7876</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ершова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ershova</surname><given-names>Anna A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2988-5706</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котов</surname><given-names>Алексей Сергеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotov</surname><given-names>Alexey S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, зав. неврологическим отделением ГБУЗ МО МОНИКИ им. М.Ф. Владимирского по разделу «Наука», 129110, Москва.</p><p>e-mail: alex-013@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, DSci., Head of the Neurological Department, under the section «Science», M.F. Vladimirsky Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, 129110, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: alex-013@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alex-013@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>42</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ершова А.А., Котов А.С., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ершова А.А., Котов А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ershova A.A., Kotov A.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.neuro-journal.ru/jour/article/view/60">https://www.neuro-journal.ru/jour/article/view/60</self-uri><abstract><p>Болезнь Крейтцфельдта–Якоба (БКЯ) — фатальное нейродегенеративное заболевание прионной природы, характеризующееся быстрой прогрессией неврологической симптоматики и приводящее к состоянию акинетического мутизма в терминальной стадии процесса. Патогенез БКЯ остаётся загадкой, несмотря на то, что сейчас критерии постановки окончательного диагноза основываются на морфологическом или иммуногистохимическом подтверждении, а прижизненная диагностика формируется за счёт совокупности косвенных диагностических признаков. После проявления первых неврологических симптомов БКЯ неуклонно прогрессирует, летальный исход наступает, как правило, в течение года после дебюта заболевания. БКЯ может возникнуть в любом возрасте, однако её возникновение более характерно для седьмого десятилетия.</p><p>В данной работе представлены 3 клинических случая, дебютировавшие в возрасте 59, 70 и 69 лет. В первом и втором клинических случаях заболевание дебютировало с мнестических нарушений, в третьем — с нарушения речевой функции, когнитивные нарушения присоединились одними из последних. В 2 из 3 клинических случаев был зафиксирован летальный исход при течении болезни до 1 года, однако ни один не был включён в статистику по заболеваемости БКЯ в России в связи с недостаточной осведомленностью специалистов, а также отсутствием необходимых ресурсов и средств. В заключении представлен краткий обзор подходов к диагностике и лечению на основании данных современных научных исследований.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease of prion nature, characterized by a rapid progression of neurological symptoms leads a state of akinetic mutism in the terminal stage of the process. CJD disease was used in scientific literature since 1922, but even today, a century later, its pathogenesis remains an unresolved puzzle. Although research prion abnormalities have advanced considerably, the criteria for making a definitive diagnosis are now based on morphological or immunohistochemical confirmation. A combination of indirect diagnostic signs forms the lifetime diagnosis. CJD progresses steadily once the first neurological symptoms are present, with death usually occurring within a year of onset. CJD can occur at any age, but its onset is more common in the seventh decade. This paper presents three clinical cases that debuted at the age of 59, 70 and 69 years. In the first and second cases, the disease began with a mnemonic disturbance, in the third with a speech impairment, and the cognitive impairment was one of the last to occur. Two of the three clinical cases had a lethal outcome with a disease course of up to one year, but none was included in the statistics on the incidence of CJD in Russia, due to a lack of awareness among specialists, as well as a lack of necessary resources and means. In conclusion, a brief overview of diagnostic and treatment approaches based on current scientific research is presented.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>болезнь Крейтцфельдта-Якоба</kwd><kwd>прионное заболевание</kwd><kwd>клинический случай</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease</kwd><kwd>CJD</kwd><kwd>prion disease</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ritchie D.L., Peden A.H., Barria M.A. Variant CJD: reflections a quarter of a century on. Pathogens. 2021; 10(11): 1413. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10111413</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ritchie D.L., Peden A.H., Barria M.A. Variant CJD: reflections a quarter of a century on. 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