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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">neurojour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Неврологический журнал имени Л.О. Бадаляна</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>L.O. Badalyan Neurological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2686-8997</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-794X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46563/2686-8997-2024-5-3-128-146</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">nzzdje</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">neurojour-146</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение генозаместительной терапии у пациентов со спинальной мышечной атрофией 5q I типа с хронической нозокомиальной бронхолёгочной инфекцией</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Administration of gene replacement therapy in patients with spinal muscular atrophy 5q type 1 with chronic nosocomial bronchopulmonary infection</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3794-6855</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Папина</surname><given-names>Юлия Олеговна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Papina</surname><given-names>Yuliya O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач-невролог отделения детской психоневрологии № 2 ОСП «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии им. акад. Ю.Е. Вельтищева» ФГАОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава РФ, 125412, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: papina.u@pedklin.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Neurologist of the Department of psychoneurology No. 2, Veltishchev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 125412, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: papina.u@pedklin.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">papina.u@pedklin.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8876-7462</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Артемьева</surname><given-names>Светлана Брониславовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Artemyeva</surname><given-names>Svetlana B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, зав. неврологическим отделением ОСП «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии им. акад. Ю.Е. Вельтищева» ФГАОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России, 125412, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: artemievasb@gmail.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Head of the Neurological department, Veltishchev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 125412, Moscow, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: artemievasb@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">artemievasb@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3594-6974</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белоусова</surname><given-names>Елена Дмитриевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belousova</surname><given-names>Elena D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Профессор, доктор мед. наук, зав. отделом психоневрологии и эпилептологии ОСП «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии им. акад. Ю.Е. Вельтищева» ФГАОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России, 125412, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: edbelous56@gmail.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences,professor, Head of the Department of psychoneurology and epileptology, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 125412, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: edbelous56@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">edbelous56@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-9599</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волынец</surname><given-names>Галина Васильевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volynets</surname><given-names>Galina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор мед. наук, профессор кафедры инновационной педиатрии и детской хирургии ФДПО, гл. науч. сотрудник, зав. отделом гастроэнтрологии ОСП «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии им. акад. Ю.Е. Вельтищева» ФГАОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России, 125412, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: volynec_g@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, professor of the Department of innovative pediatrics and pediatric surgery, chief researcher, Head of the Department of gastroentrology, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 125412, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: volynec_g@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">volynec_g@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3445-4903</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дьякова</surname><given-names>Светлана Эвальдовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dyakova</surname><given-names>Svetlana E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, врач-пульмонолог, врач функциональной диагностики, доцент кафедры генетики болезней дыхательной системы ИВ и ДПО ОСП «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии им. акад. Ю.Е. Вельтищева» ФГАОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России, 125412, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: dyakova@pedklin.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, pulmonologist, doctor of functional diagnostics, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 125412, Russian Federation, Associate Professor of the Department of genetics of respiratory diseases, Institute of Higher and Continuing Professional Education</p><p>e-mail: dyakova@pedklin.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dyakova@pedklin.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3646-7062</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Растегина</surname><given-names>Светлана Евгеньевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rastegina</surname><given-names>Svetlana E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мл. науч. сотр. отдела хронических воспалительных и аллергических болезней лёгких ОСП «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии им. акад. Ю.Е. Вельтищева» ФГАОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России, 125412, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: svtrjbv@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior researcher of the Department of chronic inflammatory and allergic lung diseases, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 125412, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: svtrjbv@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svtrjbv@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5436-836X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельник</surname><given-names>Евгения Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Melnik</surname><given-names>Evgeniya A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ведущ. науч. сотр. научно-консультативного отдела ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр им. акад. Н.П. Бочкова», 115522, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: evmel88@gmail.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leading researcher of the Research and counseling department of the Research Center for Medical genetics,  Moscow, 115522, Russian Federation, junior researcher of the Department of psychoneurology and epileptology, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 125412, Russian Federation</p><p>ePhD, gastroenterologist, nutritionist of Clinical diagnostic department, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 125142, Russian Federation, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3741-8545 E-mail: komarovadoc@yandex.ru-mail: evmel88@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evmel88@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3741-8545</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комарова</surname><given-names>Оксана Николаевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Komarova</surname><given-names>Oksana N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, врач-гастроэнтеролог, диетолог клинико-диагностического отделения ОСП «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии им. акад. Ю.Е. Вельтищева» ФГАОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России, 125412, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: komarovadoc@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, gastroenterologist, nutritionist of Clinical diagnostic department, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 125142, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: komarovadoc@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">komarovadoc@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5968-5978</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Подгорный</surname><given-names>Андрей Николаевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Podgorny</surname><given-names>Andrey N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, доцент, зав. отделением детской хирургии ОСП «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии им. акад. Ю.Е. Вельтищева» ФГАОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России, 125412, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: anpod1971@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of pediatric surgery, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 125412, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: anpod1971@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anpod1971@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2635-2752</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Влодавец</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Владимирович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vlodavets</surname><given-names>Dmitry V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Канд. мед. наук, доцент, руководитель Российского детского нервно-мышечного центра, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела психоневрологии и эпилептологии ОСП «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии  им. акад. Ю.Е. Вельтищева» ФГАОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России, 125412, Москва, Россия</p><p>e-mail: mityaus@gmail.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Associated Professor, Head of the Russian Children’s Neuromuscular Center, leading researcher of the Department of psychoneurology and epileptology, Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 125412, Russian Federation</p><p>e-mail: mityaus@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mityaus@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ОСП «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии имени академика Ю.Е. Вельтищева» ФГАОУ ВО «Российский научно-исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ОСП «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии имени академика Ю.Е. Вельтищева» ФГАОУ ВО «Российский научно-исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова»; ФГБНУ «Медико-генетический научный центр имени академика Н.П. Бочкова»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Research Centre for Medical Genetics<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>128</fpage><lpage>146</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Папина Ю.О., Артемьева С.Б., Белоусова Е.Д., Волынец Г.В., Дьякова С.Э., Растегина С.Е., Мельник Е.А., Комарова О.Н., Подгорный А.Н., Влодавец Д.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Папина Ю.О., Артемьева С.Б., Белоусова Е.Д., Волынец Г.В., Дьякова С.Э., Растегина С.Е., Мельник Е.А., Комарова О.Н., Подгорный А.Н., Влодавец Д.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Papina Y.O., Artemyeva S.B., Belousova E.D., Volynets G.V., Dyakova S.E., Rastegina S.E., Melnik E.A., Komarova O.N., Podgorny A.N., Vlodavets D.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.neuro-journal.ru/jour/article/view/146">https://www.neuro-journal.ru/jour/article/view/146</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Спинальная мышечная атрофия (СМА) 5q типа — тяжёлое наследственное нервно-мышечное заболевание, одним из серьёзных проявлений которого является развитие прогрессирующей дыхательной недостаточности (ДН). Введение патогенетической терапии приводит к уменьшению выраженности дыхательных нарушений, что снижает риск летального исхода и является основополагающим для нормализации темпов физического развития и становления новых моторных навыков у пациентов с СМА.</p><p>Цель работы — представить в условиях реальной клинической практики опыт генозаместительной терапии препаратом онасемноген абепарвовек у пациентов с СМА I типа и тяжёлой ДН в сочетании с хронической бронхолёгочной инфекцией, вызванной нозокомиальной полирезистентной микрофлорой.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование включены 5 пациентов с СМА I типа и ДН 2 степени, осложнённой хронической бронхолёгочной инфекцией, включая высокорезистентную синегнойную палочку. Всем пациентам проводили комплексное клинико-лабораторное и рентгенологическое обследование перед и в течение 2 лет после генозаместительной терапии препаратом онасемноген абепарвовек для оценки степени выраженности дыхательных нарушений. Эффективность терапии оценивали с помощью шкалы детской больницы Филадельфии для диагностики двигательных функций у новорождённых (CHOP INTEND), а общее двигательное развитие — по шкале оценки неврологического статуса больницы Хаммерсмит у детей раннего возраста, часть 2 (HINE‑2).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Проанализированы истории болезней 5 пациентов (4 мальчика и 1 девочка) с СМА I типа, средний возраст которых на момент введения генозаместительной терапии составил 19 мес (13–27 мес). Все пациенты ранее получали иной вид патогенетической терапии. После превентивной, индивидуально подобранной антибактериальной терапии все пациенты перенесли введение без обострения хронической бронхолёгочной инфекции, несмотря на проведение необходимой гормональной терапии в иммуносупрессивной дозе (1 мг/кг). В 1-й год пациенты демонстрировали постепенное нарастание двигательных навыков с последующей стабилизацией, однако на 2-м году наблюдения у 2 пациентов отмечен умеренный регресс моторных функций после перенесённой пневмонии; у 1 из 5 пациентов достигнута положительная динамика со стороны функции лёгких и эрадикация высокопатогенной микрофлоры из дыхательных путей.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Проведение генозаместительной терапии препаратом онасемноген абепарвовек у детей с тяжёлым поражением лёгких при СМА I типа на фоне хронической респираторной инфекции относительно безопасно. Однако смена патогенетической терапии на генозаместительную на примере представленных нами случаев не принесла клинически значимых преимуществ и потребовала более тщательной подготовки пациентов. Необходимо учитывать дополнительные риски, связанные с возникновением иммуноопосредованных нежелательных явлений на фоне применения сопутствующей гормональной терапии, которых можно избежать на других видах патогенетической терапии. После получения генозаместительной терапии в течение 2 лет наблюдения за пациентами летальных исходов не было.</p><p>Соблюдение этических норм. Исследование одобрено локальным этическим комитетом ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова (протокол № 226 от 20.02.2023). Законными представителями пациентов было подписано информированное согласие о применении онасемноген абепарвовека, все были проинформированы о возможных побочных действиях препарата и рисках использования гормональной терапии на фоне хронической бронхолёгочной инфекции.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов:Папина Ю.О. — дизайн исследования, курация пациентов, координация исследования, сбор материала и обработка данных, написание текста, обзор публикаций по теме статьи;Артемьева С.Б. — координация исследования, анализ полученных данных, редактирование статьи;Белоусова Е.Д. — координация исследования;Волынец Г.В. — курация пациентов, редактирование статьи;Дьякова С.Э. — курация пациентов, анализ полученных данных, редактирование статьи;Растегина С.Е. — редактирование статьи;Мельник Е.А. — анализ полученных данных, редактирование статьи;Комарова О.Н. — курация пациентов, редактирование статьи;Подгорный А.Н. — курация пациентов;Влодавец Д.В. — координация исследования, редактирование статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Поступила 05</title><p>Поступила 05.08.2024Принята к печати 05.09.2024Опубликована 30.10.2024</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) 5q is a severe hereditary neuromuscular disorder, one of the serious manifestations of which is the development of progressive respiratory insufficiency. The administration of pathogenetic therapy leads to decreased symptoms of respiratory failure, which reduces the risk of lethal outcome and is fundamental for stabilizing the progression of physical development and new motor skills in SMA patients.</p><p>The aim — to present experience of onasmenogen abeparvovec (OA) gene replacement therapy (GRT) in patients with SMA type 1 and severe respiratory failure combined with chronic bronchopulmonary infection caused by nosocomial multidrug-resistant microflora in real clinical practice.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Five patients with SMA type 1 and respiratory failure of second degree complicated by chronic bronchopulmonary infection were enrolled in this study. All patients were performed a comprehensive clinical, laboratory, and radiologic examination before and for two years after GRT OA administration toof evaluate the severity of respiratory disturbances. The efficiency of OA therapy was estimated with the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Infant Test of Neuromuscular Disorders (CHOP INTEND), and motor development was assessed by the Hammersmith Infant Neurologic Examination Part 2 (HINE-2).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The medical records of 5 (four boys and one girl ) patients with SMA type 1 at the mean age of 19 months (13 to 27 months) at the time of GRT OA administration were analyzed, of them. All patients had been treated with a different type of pathogenetic therapy before GRT OA. After the preventive, personalized antibacterial therapy, all patients experienced GRT OA administration without exacerbation of chronic bronchopulmonary infection, despite hormonal therapy in an immunosuppressive dose (1 mg/kg). There were no lethal outcomes during two years after GRT OA. Over the first year, patients demonstrated a progressive increase in motor skills with further stabilization, but during the second year of follow-up, two patients showed moderate regression of motor skills after pneumonia. One of five patients had a positive lung function dynamics and eradication of highly pathogenic bacterial microflora from the respiratory tract.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. It is comparatively safe to administer GRT OA in children with SMA type 1 and chronic respiratory infection. However, changing pathogenetic therapy to GRT OA in the cases we presented did not have clinically significant advantages and required more careful patient preparation. Additional risks associated with the occurrence of immune-mediated adverse events due to concomitant hormonal therapy, which can be avoided on other types of pathogenetic therapy, should be considered.</p><p>Compliance with ethical standards. The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (Protoсol No. 226 of 20.02.2023). The patients’ legal representatives signed informed consent on the use of onasemnogene abeparvovec, all were informed about possible side effects of the drug and risks of using hormonal therapy against the background of chronic bronchopulmonary infection.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution:Papina Yu.O. — research design, patient supervision, study coordination, collection of materials and data processing, text writing, review of publications on the topic of the article;Artemyeva S.B. — study coordination, analysis of the obtained data, article editing;Belousova E.D. — study coordination;Volynets G.V. — patient supervision, article editing;Dyakova S.E. — patient supervision, analysis of the obtained data, article editing;Rastegina S.E. — article editing;Komarova O.N. — patient supervision, article editing;Melnik E.A. — analysis of the obtained data, article editing;Podgorny A.N. — patient supervision;Vlodavets D.V. — study coordination, article editing.All co-authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of its final version.</p></sec><sec><title>Acknowledgements</title><p>Acknowledgements. The study had no sponsorship.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: August 5, 2024</p></sec><sec><title>Accepted</title><p>Accepted: September 5, 2024</p></sec><sec><title>Published</title><p>Published: October 30, 2024</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>спинальная мышечная атрофия</kwd><kwd>генозаместительная терапия</kwd><kwd>онасемноген абепарвовек</kwd><kwd>полирезистентная микрофлора</kwd><kwd>синегнойная палочка</kwd><kwd>SMN1</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>spinal muscular atrophy</kwd><kwd>gene replacement therapy</kwd><kwd>onasemnogene abeparvovec</kwd><kwd>multidrug-resistant microflora</kwd><kwd>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</kwd><kwd>SMN1</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ross L.F., Kwon J.M. Spinal muscular atrophy: past, present, and future. 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